Labour market analysis report Lab Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Labour market analysis - Lab Report Example All these factors combined are evidence of good business that will keep on going and of a healthy national coffer that will stay as strong and full as ever. In front of these backdrops are the fruits that will be reaped at the end of the day. As a matter of course, employment and salaries will increase and consumer spending will immensely rise. The foregoing premises have to be laid down because this report will proceed with the labor market specifics of a certain business domain and it is basic knowledge that any financial dynamic moves hand-in-hand with the issue of jobs. In particular, reference is made to the Coles Supermarkets chain. For brevity, it is here referred to as Coles. Any projection presumed in the instant report is pegged constantly at five (5) years. There are two parts here which are divided into two tasks. The first one will be on labor market analysis which will comprise of the performance criteria (1) to determine predicted areas of organizational growth and downsizing and associated labor requirements, (2) to analyze the organization’s current workforce capacity to meet current predicted demands for the goods and services of the business, (3) to research and review current and predicted external labor supply, demographic and economic data, and to forecast human resources supply, (4) to determine the organizational diversity requirements in the workforce, and (5) to make the necessary recommendations for workforce planning. The second part of the report pertains to (1) succession planning and workforce plan evaluation, and (2) developing a succession plan which addresses internal labor needs in the medium to long term requirements, utilizing succession planning principles with an incorporated retention plan. Coles has seven hundred forty (740) stores all over Australia. It has a workforce consisting of about ninety two thousand (92,000) employees.5 This is a relatively large organization.

Pizza Hut Essay Example for Free

Pizza Hut Essay PIZZA HUT was established on June 15 1958 in wichita university campus, wichita, kansas by two brothers FRANK and DAN CARNEY. The brothers had the concept of opening a pizza parlour which was relatively new during the 1950s and the potential of this business was seen by the two. They borrowed around six hundred dollars from their mother to buy second-hand equipments, machineries and rent a small space to open the first Pizza Hut. The next year, the second store was opened in Topeka, Kansas and within a decade Pizza Hut reached three hundred and ten Pizza parlours in various locations serving approximately a million people. In the year 1970, Pizza Hut already had 5,025 branches in the united states alone with half of it franchised. During the same year , the company in 1986 alone amounted to $2 billion. In the years 1990, the total sales of Pizza Hut reached $4 billion world wide. By the year 1996, the sales in the domestic market which is the United States, have reached over $5 million; the company had the largest share of the market in the same year for 46. 4%. in the year 1998, Pizza Hut launched their campaign, â€Å"The Best Pizzas under one roof†, in celebration of the company’s 40th anniversary. COMPANY OVERVIEW: Pizza Hut operates in ninety seven countries throughout the world. As of 2008, Pizza Hut had 7,564 units in the united states and 5,611 units outside the united states (source: Data moniter). Pizza Hut(UK), a privately held company, specialized in the operation of pizza restaurants and takeaways. Pizza Hut(UK) is a subsidiary of United states based Yum! Brands. The company primarily operates in the UK, with the Pizza Hut brand operating worldwide. Its headquartered in Borehamwood, UK. BUSINESS DESCRIPTION: Pizza Hut (UK) specialized in the operation of pizza restaurants and takeaway services. The company operates in four distinct categories of menus: restaurant menu, children’s menu, collection menu, delivery and take-away menu. MAIN MENU: Pizza Hut (UK) restaurant menu includes pizzas; starters and sides; pastas; salad station and salads; lunch buffet and light lunch; desserts, and drinks. The children’s menu includes pizza triangles, delicious margherita pizza, desserts, drinks and buffet. KEY EMPLOYEES: MAJOR PRODUCTS AND SERVICES: The company’s key products and services include the following: Big New Yorker Pizza. Quad Pizza. The Edge Pizza. Stuffed Crust Pizza. Grand Pan Pizza. Sicilian Pizza. Italian Pizza Twisted Crust Pizza. 4 For All Pizza. Pastas. Buffets. Cheesy Bites. Stuffed Crust. SERVICES: Full service restaurants Delivery and Take-Away service. PIZZA HUT SYMBOL: {draw:frame} PIZZA HUT MISSION STATEMENT: We take pride in making a perfect pizza and providing courteous and helpful service on time all the time. Every customer says, â€Å"I†ll be back! †. We are the employer of choice offering team members oppurtunities for growth, advancement, and rewarding careers in a fun, safe working environment. We are accountable for profitability in everthing we do, providing our shareholders with value growth. CORE VALUES: P. E. A. L. S. PASSION for excellance in doing everthing EXECUTE with positive energy and urgency. ACCOUNTABLE for growth in customer satisfaction and profitability. RECOGNIZE the achievement of others and have fun doing it. LISTEN and more importantly, respond to the voice of the customer. MAJOR COMPETITORS: Domino’s Pizza, Inc. Papa John’s International, Inc. McDonald’s Corporation ACHIEVEMENTS: {text:list-item} In 1986 Pizza Hut introduced delivery service, which played a vital role in the career of Pizza Hut. Out of all existing Pizza chains, Pizza Hut had the largest market share, 46. 4%. However, Pizza Hut’s market share has slowly eroded because of intense competition from their rivals of Domino’s and other fast food take away restaurants. These competitors alway look forward to enhance their customer numbers. Also, many other Pizza chains started to diversify and offer new non-pizza items such as buffalo wings, and italian cheese bread in order to increase their varieties and to increase the buyer power. The current chain in the Pizza chain is the same till today. All these Pizza supply chain try to come up with some newer, bigger, better and Pizza for comparatively low price. These chains are also strengthened new Pizza variations. For example, chicken is now a common topping found on Pizza’s. {draw:frame} A 1-800 number customer hotline and A customer call-back program. WHERE DO THEY BUY* ? WHY DO THEY BUY PIZZA* ? {text:list-item} Employing economies of scale, Pizza Hut has made its offering more affordable. Its delivery offer for four personal pan pizzas has been very successful, which helped the business to grow by 25%. The Pizza Hut recently launched a range of vegetarian personal pan pizza’s at very nominal and affordable price. Pizza Hut consolidating its position by opening more restaurants in the big cities where it already has the presence. {draw:frame} {text:list-item} {text:list-item} Though Pizza Hut have low competition, although they do have competitors such as dominos pizza, yet they have an advantage over these as Pizza Hut are the restaurant as well as take away unlike dominos pizza, this results Pizza Hut may have more sales therefore more income. Pizza Hut has a very strong market segment, they attract more customers by providing different varities, new products and tastes very often which leads increasing customer numbers and a higher percentage in sales, which may lead to greater profits. The major strength’s of the Pizza Hut are as follows: Pizza Hut is very strong in its financial situation and international turnover. Thus, it is good to manage its chain in the period of recession. Pizza Hut is BRAND LEADER in the united kingdom. Pizza Hut has good balance in its business over twenty thousand franchises around the world. It is also the part of the largest chain restaurant in the world. Since, it provides a skeletal structure to the fast food industries and services. Innovative range of Pizza’s under one roof. It is purely owned by YUM!. Pizza Hut is lacking with its varied range of products to attract customers of all lifestyles. There are complex computer systems and internal conflicts from franchisees, this may drive to de-motivation of staff. Lowering the quality of products, services to the customers and could lead to a lack of ideas. One of the major issue presented in developing a profitable delivery concept was whether there would be a charge for service taking into account that, for competitive reasons, as the company cannot charge for its delivery. This lead the company to increase its price slightly over pizza’s in traditional restaurants. This caused dissatisfaction for the customers. Since, they would pay 10% more for any size of pizza’s. The management also included that, the franchisees must also increase the size of the pizza as they could find the profit from the 10% additional price. But, this wasn’t a fare idea by the top management because the franchisees strongly disagreed with this concept and they find no reasons for delivery and increasing the size of the Pizza. There was major arguement between company and the franchisees, which was solved by providing some incentives by the company. Oppurtunities: The main oppurtunities of the Pizza Hut includes: Market share. Pizza home delivery. Growth into new market. Always looking at consumer satisfaction. Pizza Hut can readily grow in any other markets because it has cohesive and well structured organisation. Pizza Hut also holds a very strong market share. Pizza Hut has expanded its menu in indian market. Pizza Hut has targeted upscale products and a downscale consumer base; this would increase the sales and the revenue of the company. THREATS: There are various threats to the Pizza Hut as it should know more about its customer’s tastes. It should also carry some research to judge the company and its competitors on reputation, product quality, service, strength and price. Pizza Hut must also analyse about the buying decisions of the customers. Domino’s Pizza clearly intanded to gain total market leadership. So, Pizza Hut should try to maintain its position over its competitors. Pizza Hut improve its customer’s loyality quotient as it is comparitively low from its competitor’s. It is a truism to say that it is much more difficult to capture or recapture a customer than to maintain an existing one. Rising in the competition undermines Pizza Hut as consumers go for greater convenience. This would result in decreasing the sales of the Pizza Hut as these sales will switch to smaller companies who are offering their products at lower price. Increase in the cost of ingrediants especially cheese could threaten the margin of the company revenue. EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT: It is very important to consider the external environment research for PIZZA HUT. Since, these external changes could drive the company to difficulties. These external environmental context will include PEST analysis which stands for political, environmental, social, technology, which determines the impact of the drivers in the company. P. E. S. T. ANALYSIS: POLITICAL: The political analysis of the Pizza Hut contains health and safety guidelines, labelling of GM (genetically modified) food, animal rights campigns, Bovine spongiform encephalopathy-1998 BRANDING STRATEGY: STRENGTH OF BRAND: A brand is the media between consumers and the company. The promise of the brand always reflects in the mind of the consumers. A strong brand can shape the way consumers think and can create preference in the market place. Following certain principles and behaviours, organisations can strengthen their brands by consistently delivering on their brand promise and making powerful connections with the consumers. Pizza Hut is a International brand reaches over 100 countries. Though other fast food markets maintains the flexibility to respond to the needs of its consumers. Pizza Hut consider the consistent look as a whole and feel for every restaurant. This driven Pizza Hut to be a one of the leading brands. STRENGTH OF SYMBOL AND LOGO: ROLE OF THE CUSTOMER: What people eat(or don’t eat) has always been determined by a complex interplay of social, economic and technological processes (schlosser, 2001). These explanation of the schlosser gives a clear picture of why the consumer makes a purchase. The consumer is identified by a being complexly psychological and on the most part illogical. THE THREE LEVELS OF EXPLANATION OF BUYING AND CONSUMPTION BEHAVIOUR (Dubois, 2000). {draw:text-box}. {draw:text-box} {draw:text-box} Dubois makes the observation that â€Å"people who are hungry notice advertising for food products†. This contention is supported when an example is given; â€Å"In the united states, the television campaign ‘ARE YOU HUNGRY ? ’ which was broadcast late at night by burger king was so successful that it forced the hamburger chain to stay open later† (Dubois, 2000). So, according to this paper narrates that, it is determined that mid-night advertisements for the delivery service or take-away food centres is advisable and consumers tend to attract more towards food products when they are hungry. The reliant on the natural human wants created by hunger. It is hoped that this review when coupled with the findings from the survey will give the debate, depth, purpose and concluding definition. RECOMMENDATIONS: The implement of ORGANIC PIZZA’S may increase the target market and enhance the buyer’s power. The consideration of cultural ethics is important when a new branch of Pizza Hut is launched in other countries. Pizza Hut can develop MEALDEAL as rest of the competitors offer. Example: MCPIZZA. In order to compete with its external environment.

Development of Tools for Learning in a Science Museum

Development of Tools for Learning in a Science Museum Introduction: Science museums and science centres are informal science institutions which are the effective channels that have been used as the tools to communicate science and technology to the public. These informal educational institutes provide various positive impact such as the memorable learning experiences influence to attitude and behaviour, the increasing of visitors knowledge and understanding of science, the personal and social inspirations which can enhance inter-generation learning, and the impact on encourage trust and understanding between the public and the scientific community (ECSITE 2009). Museums became the places for everyone including families, the American Association of Museum reported that in the US the majority group visited the museum in 2006 was the family group (Borun 2008). Parents usually bring their children to museums for many reasons, learning something new, relaxation, and entertainment (Laetsch et al. 1980; Wolins 1989; Falk Dierking 1992b; Falk Dierking 2000 ) There are long literatures of researches which study about family visitor learning in Museum and informal setting institutes in the Western culture. Many research attempt to understand the social behaviour and improve the learning experiences for the family visitors by investigated visitors attention and participation (KORAN et al. 1988; Judy Diamond 1986; McManus 1987; Falk 1991). For example, the research on the influence of children on the viewing behaviour of family groups by Judy Diamond in 1979 in Falk and Dierking, 1992 indicated that families tend to understand exhibition by trial and error and discussing among the group without reading instructions. Children likely to interact with exhibition more than their parents who tend to learn by looking for the information (Sherman Rosenfeld 1982). There are also broad perspectives of how people learning in the museums. For understanding of the museum experience Falk and Dierking, described that the physical, personal and sociocultural context are the important elements which affect the learning outcome in a design setting in exhibition and museums gallery (Falk Dierking 1992b; Falk Dierking 2000). Science Museum and Science Centre have a strategy in using many kinds of media to communicate the scientific concepts to their visitors such as text panels, multimedia panels, interactive exhibits, hands-on exhibits, and activities. In 1997 the study and development of family friendly exhibition by Minda Borun introduced seven concepts of the successful multi-ages users of interactive science exhibition in order to support the family learning in museum which are Multi-sided, Multi-user, Accessible, Multi-outcome, Multi-modal, Readable and Relevant (Borun Dritsas 1997; Borun et al. 1997; Borun 2008). In Thailand many people believe that science is very difficult and feel alienate from their life. The main customers of the informal science institutions in Thailand are students and families (NSM year report 2005-2009). In 2005 Aphiyas research on the public interest and awareness of science and technology in Thailand found that families prefer to spend their leisure time at shopping malls rather than museums. This might be result from the difficulty of accessibility to the exhibition by family groups. Moreover, the family groups might believe that their children could gain more knowledge from a science museum when they visit the museum along with their school class. However, there are very few researches and understanding about how people learning science through the exhibition and how to enhance the family learning behaviour in science museum in Thailand. Interestingly, museums offer free-choice learning experiences and motivate visitors to interact and gain the scientific concepts by themselves, most of the exhibitions in science museums or science centres are designed for a wide range of visitors from individual to multi-ages users. However, exhibitions might not usually provide enough support to promote a parent and child to learn scientific concept from an exhibition together (Borun 2008). It is a worthwhile study to research and develop tools that could encourage the family audiences learning science through science exhibitions. This research will conduct based on multidisciplinary areas of social science, science communication, and a science education framework. This study attempts to accumulate body of knowledge to understand the process in exhibitions tool development which relates to existent knowledge about media development, visitor interactions, and visitor behaviour. This could enhance the family users to participate, interact, and learn science from exhibits in museum gallery. The three exhibits tools in this research consist of a label written for specific group, an interactive instruction screen, and a video instruction. Text label is one of the most important elements in the exhibition. Visitors usually learn from label. In the Natural History Museum and Zoo the critical element of intent and engagement is narrative, particularly from panel (Stocklmayer et al. 2010). Many exhibitions use the mini text label not only provide their content, but also attracts visitors by their variety characteristics. Moreover, some research in exhibit labels indicated that the using of questions in label can facilitate the visitors behaviours of learning conversation and engage them to the exhibitions. (Hohenstein Tran 2007) The engagement with the science exhibition has been recognised as very important in learning science. Science exhibits themselves, usually, attract visitors to engage with, but they may not support visitors to learn (Haywood Cairns 2006). Touch screen instruction allows visitors engage with information of the exhibit. It might enhance families learning science from the exhibits. Miensner, 2007 applied the video tracking to observe the types of childrens behaviours in the interactive science exhibition from six science and discovery centres in the UK and US. She indicated that there were three main interactions between the young visitor and interactive exhibits which are imitation, performance, and explanation (Meisner et al. 2007). The study introduced a video instruction add-on interactive science exhibits. The video instruction provides the information about how to play or interacts with the exhibit and also delivers the explanation about the application of the scientific concept that exhibits in the form of video and text only. This kind of novel media has been applied at Launch Pad, the interactive science exhibition at Science Museum in London. In this study, the video instruction and explanation will be invented to enhance families learning with the expectation that family visitors might imitate directly from video and obtain the scientific messages. This research focuses on the study and development of three types of media tailored to science exhibitions in museum galleries, which aims to facilitate families learning scientific concepts from the existing science exhibits. This could enhance their learning process during their visit informal science institutions without the necessity to transform the whole structure of exhibits only for support family groups. Purposes of the study The purposes of the study are summarized as follows: To develop exhibitions tools base on informal learning theories that enhance families learning science in science museums. To study the effectiveness of the science exhibitions tools based on enhancing family learning science in science museums. To evaluate and find out that how much the tools enhance family learning science from science exhibits in science museums and are there any differences in relationships between tools and particular kinds of exhibits. Scope of the study This study will work toward the research questions by using two mains methodological approaches, quantitative and qualitative. The study will design, test and revise prototypes of the three tools, mini text label, VDO instruction, and touch screen label. This research will use questionnaires, interview, and observation of families action and interactions in order to gather the empirical data. The research study will examine and develop three types of the exhibition tools, which used to convey messages from the basic science exhibits to family groups (case study on National Science Museum Thailand), based on how the tools enable learning science through Thai family groups in order to enhance family learning science in science museum. The family in this research are defined as a multi-generational visiting unit with at least one adult over the age of 19 and one child between ages of 9 12 years The subjects of this study are families who visit National Science Museum Thailand. The population is limited to 100 families, fifty groups for experiment and the rest for the control groups (Borun Dritsas 1997) Research Questions: Which types of the tools, mini text label, VDO instruction, and touch screen label have ability to encourage and enhance family groups learning science in science museum? How these tools enable learning science for family groups? How to design the exhibits tools to encourage and enhance family learning science in science museum? Significance of the study This study will deepen the knowledge of science education and science communication that is applicable. The consequence of this finished research study will result in the development of the distinct tools that enable family learning science and accessibility to science exhibits in science museum. The research can be used as a model not only for other science museums and science centres, but also for other kind of museums to communicate their contents to multi-ages visitors effectively by using the beneficial result from this research to develop the tools which support their exhibition. The tools can enhance and encourage multi-ages groups access to the exhibits then gain more benefits from the exactly goals of the exhibition. This effective informal learning will over time hopefully develop positive attitudes toward science and will create a society more attuned to the acceptance of a scientific approach. Framework of the study The framework of this study has evolved as a consequence of the literature review in the field of informal education in science and technology, physical and social context as a family visitor in museum, narrative, meaning of media in museum and Thais family perception in science education. In Figure 1 the development of the three exhibition tools is based on informal learning in science education, narrative and media interpretation. The hypothesis is that families who utilize the exhibition tools for their instruction during interact with science museum exhibitions represent the increasing of the accessibility to science exhibitions, the understanding of science contents in exhibits and a positive attitude toward science. Input Family group (Parent-Child) Design: three exhibition tools base on narrative and media meaning in science communication, physical context and social context in museum Mini text label Interactive label Video instruction Knowledge fields Science Education ( informal) Science Communication Social Science Narrative and media development Quantitative Questionnaire Accessibility and difficulty to exhibits content Entertainment Science achievement Important of basic science Tools using Parent-Childs awareness toward basic science Qualitative Interview Tracking, video tracking Out put Science achievement (Familys learning science) Family better understanding of basic science FIGURE 1: FARMWORK OF THE STUDY

Atmospheres Unlimited in Macbeth :: Free Macbeth Essays

Atmospheres Unlimited in Macbeth      Ã‚  Ã‚   Shakespeare becomes a master of diverse atmospheres in his tragedy Macbeth. We shall examine closely the changing, more forcefully developing atmospheres here.    Blanche Coles states in Shakespeare's Four Giants that he agrees with G. B. Harrison, that this play contains one of the finest examples of atmosphere ever created in drama:    Macbeth is overwhelmed with the significance of his filthy deed. His wife is concerned only with the details of what must be done next - with facts. She has no imagination. The passage between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth after the murder is one of the finest examples of atmosphere ever created in drama."(62)    In Fools of Time: Studies in Shakespearean Tragedy, Northrop Frye shows how the atmosphere is altered for the better at the end of the play:    This theme is at its clearest where we are most in sympathy with the nemesis. Thus at the end of Macbeth, after the proclamation "the time is free," and of promises to make reparations of Macbeth's tyranny "Which would be planted newly with the time," there will be a renewal not only of time but of the whole rhythm of nature symbolized by the word "measure," which includes both the music of the spheres and the dispensing of human justice [. . .]. (94-95)    D. F. Bratchell in Shakespearean Tragedy record's Charles Lamb's consideration of   Macbeth's atmosphere as essential to the purpose of the play:    For Lamb the essence of the tragedy in Macbeth lies in the poetically suggested atmosphere of horror and evil impulse, readily seized upon by the imagination of the perceptive reader, whereas stage representation concentrates the mind on the action. (133-34) Roger Warren comments in Shakespeare Survey 30 , regarding Trervor Nunn's direction of Macbeth at Stratford-upon-Avon in 1974-75, on opposing imagery used to support the opposing atmospheres of purity and black magic:    Much of the approach and detail was carried over, particularly the clash between religious purity and black magic. Purity was embodied by Duncan, very infirm (in 1974 he was blind), dressed in white and accompanied by church organ music, set against the black magic of the witches, who even chanted 'Double, double to the Dies Irae. (283)    L.C. Knights in the essay "Macbeth" mentions equivocation, unreality and unnaturalness in the play - contributors to an atmosphere that may not be very realistic:

In What Respects is Twicknam Garden a Metaphysical Poem?

a) In What Respects is Twicknam Garden a Metaphysical Poem? b) How Does Donne Use Imagery Related to Nature? c) Comment on Donne's Different Attitudes to Love in One or Two Other Poems a) The term metaphysical poetry was first used to group Donne's poetry, and the poetry of his contemporaries, together because of their similar characteristics. Metaphysical poetry seeks to communicate difficult ideas as concisely as possible to the reader. Donne's poem â€Å"Twicknam Garden† can be regarded as metaphysical poetry because it contains many difficult ideas expressed concisely. For example the lines â€Å"The spider love, which transubstantiates all, and can convert manna to gall† compares love to a spider, which were thought at the time of Donne's writing to be poisonous. The lexeme â€Å"transubstantiates† refers to the change from bread and wine to the blood and body of Christ. Manna simply means soul or spirit and gall, anger. Translated into modern English, the lines mean that love, poisonous like a spider, changes something positive and spiritual into something negative and bitter. The religious reference simply elevates the poem, giving it deeper meaning. Such a complex idea expressed in few lines is typical of metaphysical poetry. Metaphysical poetry is also characterised by a line of argument being pursued throughout the poem. This is exemplified in â€Å"Twicknam Garden† as Donne maintains that love is painful throughout the poem. In the opening lines, he describes the painful effects of love â€Å"Blasted with sighs, and surrounded with tears†. The lines in the middle of the poem â€Å"let me some senseless piece of this place be† express that love is so painful for Donne that he would rather be an emotionless object than feel his pain. The final lines in the poem also express the pain Donne feels because of his unrequited love: â€Å"who's therefore true because her truth kills me† refers to the fact that fidelity of a woman to a lover other than him, is painful and metaphorically â€Å"kills† Donne. Donne's line of reasoning can be observed throughout the poem and is a standard characteristic of metaphysical poetry. Donne's use of rhythm in â€Å"Twicknam Garden† is also a classic feature of metaphysical poetry. The poem has consistent rhythm and rhyme scheme â€Å"And that this place may thoroughly be thought/ True paradise I have the serpent brought†, and also ellipsis, for example the archaic contracted form â€Å"‘Twere†, another common feature of metaphysical poetry. Metaphysical poetry also contains many allusions to make the poetry demanding for readers. One such example in â€Å"Twicknam Garden† is the reference to the Garden of Gethsemane in the lines â€Å"These trees to laugh, and mock me to my face†. Donne compares Twicknam Garden to the Garden of Gethsemane where Jesus was mocked by soldiers arresting him, in a similar way that the trees mock Donne's pain at being afflicted by unrequited love. Such a comparison is rather tenuous and stretches metaphor to its limit. Conceits such as this however, are commonplace in metaphysical poetry The theme of unrequited love around which the poem centres is a common theme for metaphysical poets and Donne explores this theme thoroughly in â€Å"Twicknam Garden†. Donne describes love as a â€Å"spider†, meaning poisonous, and as a â€Å"serpent† because like the serpent in the Garden of Eden, the pain of unrequited love spoils the perfection of Twicknam Garden. Donne also describes the effects of unrequited love thoroughly: â€Å"weeping†, â€Å"kills me† â€Å"surrounded with tears†. This typical imagery for love poems is unusual for Donne but commonly found in metaphysical poetry. b) As the setting for the poem is a garden, there is plenty of natural imagery to be found in Donne's â€Å"Twicknam Garden†. Donne begins by stating the purpose for which he came to the garden, to cure his pain of unrequited love. Donne uses a metaphor comparing nature to a healing balm â€Å"Hither I come to seek the spring, and at mine eyes, and at mine ears, receive such balms as else cure everything.† Donne maintains that the balming effects that should be brought on by the natural beauty in the garden, are spoilt because he has brought with him the poisonous â€Å"spider love†. Donne uses a paradox in that, the natural beauty that was supposed to soothe his pain, makes it worse because it contrasts with his misery. Donne complains that the natural beauty of the garden mocks him. He wishes for night to come so that he may not be able to see the beauty of nature. Donne also wishes that winter would come to freeze the trees which laugh at him and which cause him so much pain â€Å"‘Twere wholesomer for me, that winter did benight the glory of this place, and that the grave frost did forbid these trees to laugh, and mock me to my face†. Donne then uses natural imagery in response to this: â€Å"Make me a mandrake, so I may groan here, or a stone fountain weeping out the year†. At the time of Donne's writing, mandrake roots were believed to have human properties and scream when lifted out of the ground. Donne asks to be made into a mandrake root so that he may â€Å"groan† like a mandrake at his unrequited love. He then asks to be made a fountain, to that he may weeps tears, like a water fountain, at his unrequited love. Donne asks to be made part of the garden in order to be without feeling â€Å"some senseless piece of this place be†. Donne also uses natural images at the beginning of the poem to create an abrupt opening. â€Å"Blasted with sighs, and surrounded with tears† carry connotations of the elements wind and water, because surrounded in this context means flooded. Donne uses natural imagery in order to demonstrate to the reader his pain in being a spurned lover. The main ideas behind the poem is that he is in so much emotional pain that even the natural beauty of Twicknam Garden cannot console him. c) â€Å"Love's Alchymie† has a wholly negative attitude towards love as it is a poem that brings together several negative emotions pain, disillusionment and anger. The opening image is a crude sexual reference, also demonstrated in the alliteration used, which creates a harsh tone â€Å"Some that have deeper digg'd loves Myne that I†. Women in the poem are perceived as receptacles â€Å"deeper digg'd†, â€Å"lov'd and got† which is onomatopoeic because the sexual image combined with the violent sounding alliteration is gives the impression of an assault on the woman. The perception of women as receptacles is also reinforced by Donne's imperative â€Å"Hope not for mind in women; at their best sweetness and wit, they are but Mummy posses't .† The lexeme â€Å"Mummy† means simply pieces of dead flesh but â€Å"posses't† has two meanings; sexual possession and the possession of women by evil spirits. Donne suggests that when a woman appears sweet and clever, it is in fact the appearance given by an evil spirit that has possessed her, giving the appearance of life to a dead flesh. The idyllic concept of love in paradoxically contrasted with Donne's idea of the reality of love â€Å"So lovers dream a rich and long delight, but get a winter seeming summer's night.† In these lines Donne argues that love is as cold and barren as a winter's night instead of the beautiful ideal that they wish for. It is an epigrammatic couplet, which summarises the theme of the entire poem, that love is essentially a cheat. Contrasts between the popular idea of love and the reality are also reflected in Donne's musical image â€Å"In that dayes rude hoarse minstralsey, the spheares†. The day referred to is the wedding day, which for Donne is a humiliation as he describes it as â€Å"short scorn of a Bridegroomes play†. The image of music means that the unpleasant sound of wedding music, is perceived by a lover as being heavenly music, as it was thought by Elizabethans that the â€Å"spheares†, stars, played divine music to wonderful for people to hear. The idea that love is an illusion is reiterated all through the poem as he compares a lover to an alchemist, â€Å"no chymiqe yet th'Elixar got†, because just as no alchemist found the elixir of life, the would-be lover will never find love, as all lovers do, is to turn base lust into love, just as alchemists try to turn base metal into gold, â€Å"but glorifies his pregnant pot†. The image of the alchemist is also used to show that lovers may find lust during their quest for love and be encouraged by it, just as alchemists were encouraged by discovering something which smelled sweet or had medicinal properties â€Å"if by way to him befall some odoriferous thing, or medicenall.† Donne uses a rhetorical question in order to challenge the belief of the reality of love â€Å"Our ease, our honour and our day, shall we for this vaine Bubles shadow pay†. The â€Å"vaine Buble† is love, which is described as a shadow because it is it is feeble and false. The second rhetorical question challenges the idea that love is special â€Å"Ends love in this, that my man, can be as happy as I can; if he can endure the short scorne of a Bridegroomes play?† Donne's argument is that if he, and his servant, can both experience so-called love and get married, then there can be nothing special about love as it is commonplace. The poem that differs in attitude most clearly from â€Å"Love's Alchymie† is â€Å"The Good Morrow†. It is entirely different in that it is celebration of the reality of love. It is an aubade and is although there is no dialogue from Donne's lover in the poem, there is no doubt of her presence because of the frequent use of personal pronouns â€Å"we† and references to shared experiences. The tone of the poem is joyful and teasing, established by references to immature sexual experiences â€Å"suck'd on countrey pleasures childishly†. These highlight that the lovers have moved from juvenile pleasures to real, mature love. This idea is demonstrated in the archaic cultural reference to the legend of the seven Christian boys, who were walled up in a cave to escape persecution, only to awaken to find Christianity the established religion â€Å"Or snorted we in the seven sleepers den?†. Donne's analogy is to show that the lovers have awakened, like the boys, literally, but also spiritually. The literal awakening symbolises the awakening of their souls to love so that it is a â€Å"good morrow† for the lovers in every possible way: â€Å"And now good morrow to our waking soules.† Donne acknowledges that both he, and his lover, have a past but it affectionately dismissive by using language to create a connotation of clumsiness â€Å"snorted†, â€Å"If any beauty it did see, which I desir'd, and got, t'was but a dream of thee†. The sexual image is dismissed as Donne makes clear that his lover is superior to any of the other women he has known. The passion Donne has for his lover is also reflected in his declaration that all he needs is her. He rejects the outside world's importance because for him, his lover is all that is important. â€Å"Let sea-discoverers to new worlds have gone, let Maps to other, worlds on worlds have showne, let us possesse one world, each hath one, and is one.† At the time Donne was living, new continents were being discovered and charted. In this phrase, Donne sets aside all of this because â€Å"For love, all love of other sights controules†, true love removes the desire to see other people and places, their world is now their bedroom â€Å"And makes one little room, an everywhere†. The lovers' world is now each other, and the exploration of their love is as important to them as the exploration of the New World is to travellers. The lexical repetition of â€Å"world† demonstrates how important this idea is for Donne and the repetition of the imperative â€Å"Let† reveals his fervour. The metaphor, and rhetorical, question â€Å"My face in thine eye, thine in mine appeares, and true plaine hearts doe in the faces rest, where can we find two better hemispheares without sharpe North, without declining West?† means that Donne's lover's eye reflecting him, and his eyes reflecting her, suggest that they are like the two hemispheres but without the coldness of the North, or the Western sunset which declines into darkness. The concluding lines also emphasise the strength of their love â€Å"What ever dyes was not mixed equally; if our two loves be one, or, thou and I love so alike, that none doe slacken, none can die† refers to the Elizabethan belief that death and decay come from the lack of perfect balance of elements. Donne's final point is that their love will be everlasting because it is perfectly matched and balanced in each other, since their love is reciprocated, it is immortal. The two poems are completely different in that â€Å"Love's Alchymie† denies the existence of love because it is simply glorified lust, â€Å"Oh, 'tis imposture all†, whereas â€Å"The Good Morrow† stresses of difference between lust and love â€Å"If any beauty it did see, which I desir'd, and got, t'was but a dream of thee†. Both recognise the potential pain behind love â€Å"So lovers dream a rich and long delight, but get a winter seeming summer's night† (Love's Alchymie), â€Å"watch not one another out of feare† (The Good Morrow), however â€Å"The Good Morrow† praises love whereas â€Å"Love's Alchymie† condemns it as an illusion.

How to Grow Ammonium Phosphate Crystals

How to Grow Ammonium Phosphate Crystals Monoammonium phosphate is one of the chemicals included in commercial crystal growing kits because it is safe and practically foolproof for producing a mass of crystals quickly. The pure chemical yields clear crystals, but you can add food coloring to get any color you desire. The crystal shape is perfect for green emerald crystals. Difficulty: Easy Time Required: 1 day What You Need Monoammonium phosphateHot waterClear container Growing Monoammonium Phosphate Crystals Stir six tablespoons of monoammonium phosphate into 1/2 cup of very hot water in a clear container. I use water heated from an electric drip coffee maker and a drinking glass (which I wash before using it again for beverages).Add food coloring, if desired.Stir until the powder is completely dissolved. Set the container in a location where it wont be disturbed.Within a day, youll have a bed of long, thin crystals blanketing the bottom of the glass, or perhaps a few large, single crystals. Which type of crystals you get depend on the rate at which the solution cools. For large, single crystals, try to cool the solution slowly from very hot down to room temperature.If you get a mass of crystals and wanted one big crystal, you can take a small single crystal and place it in the growing solution (either new solution or the old solution that has been cleared of crystals) and use this seed crystal to grow a large, single crystal. Tips If your powder doesnt completely dissolve, it means your water probably should have been hotter. Its not the end of the world to have undissolved material with these crystals, but if it concerns you, heat the solution in a microwave or on the stove, stirring occasionally, until its clear. Monoammonium phosphate, NH4H2PO4, crystallizes in quadratic prisms. The chemical is used in animal feed, plant fertilizers, and is found in some dry chemical fire extinguishers. This chemical may cause irritation and itching. If you spill it on your skin, wash it off with water. Inhaling the powder may lead to coughing and a sore throat. Monoammomium phosphate is not toxic, but its not exactly edible.